后世对庄子形象之解读与重构

The Interpretation and Reconstruction of the Chuang tzu's Image by Later Generations

庄子本是历史人物,后世通过对《庄子》文本的诠释,通过创作诗、词、散曲、赋、散文、小说、戏曲、道情各类文学作品,对其形象作了解读与重构,使之或为高尚不仕、栖迟丘壑的隐者,或为独立特行、愤世嫉俗的傲吏,或为万物一齐、觉生如梦的哲人,或为勘破生死、敀依虚无的宗教徒。这些形象相对于真实的庄子都或多或少有所区别,有的甚至大相径庭。造成这种情况有诸多原因。分析这些形象,有助于认识庄子影响的复杂性。

Chuang tzu is originally a historical figure, but his image has been interpreted and reconstructed by kinds of literary works, such as poetry, Ci, Sanqu, Fu, prose, novel, opera and Dao Qing. He has been described as a noble hermit living beside the rivers and mountains, or an unconventional and cynical arrogant official, or a philosopher who thought all things being one and life is a dream, and a religiano who saw through life and death, and converted to nothing. These images are more or less different from the real Chuang tzu, some even at opposite poles. There are many reasons for this situation. Analyzing these images contributes to recognizing the complexity of the influence of Chuang tzu.