护理本科生社区实习中健康教育能力的培养

Nursing Students in Community Health Education Practice Ability

目的通过社区临床护理教学实践培养护理本科生的健康教育能力,探讨提高社区护生健康教育能力的方法并及时进行效果评价。方法在社区临床护理实习中,将200名护理本科生随机分成两组,深入社区开展健康教育调查,收集资料,评估并找出社区服务对象中存在的主要健康教育问题,制定健康教育的合理计划,组织护生分组进行社区健康教育前的讨论;分组进行角色扮演并反复演练;护生分组深入社区开展健康教育的实践活动;及时进行健康教育的效果评价。结果实施社区健康教育实践活动后,200名护生社区的健康教育理论考试成绩、模拟讲课评分、模拟情景对话的评分均较培训前有显著提高(P<0.01),社区居民健康知识知晓率和对实习护士的满意度也显著提高(P<0.01)。结论护生深入社区开展健康教育实践活动是培养和锻炼其健康教育能力的良好途径。对社区护生进行健康教育能力培训,使学生树立了以预防为主的护理观念,培养并提高了健康教育的意识和能力,增强了社区开展健康教育的实践效果,提升了社区及实习护生的形象和价值,同时,为建立系统、规范的健康教育培训体系奠定了良好的基础。

Objective To culticate nursing unduigraduates＇ ability of community health education by practice.To investigate the methods of improving the capacity of community nursing students in health education and timely method of impact evaluation.Methods In the practice of community health education ,200 nursing underguaduates who were dicided into groups performed surveys in community and collected data.Main health problems of community patients were evaluated and found out and the health education plan was made.Nursing underguaduates were divided into groups and playde the roles repeatedly before health education.And they performed community health education practice and the results were assessed in time. Results After the performance of health education practice,200 community nurses score of health education theory test,simulation lectures,dialogue scenarios significantly were increased（P〈0.01）,the health knowledge awareness of communities and satisfaction of nurses significantly increased（P〈0.01）.Conclusion The community health education practice of nursing students is a good way to cultivate and enhance their health education ability. To the community health nursing students education ability training, so that the students set up to prevention care idea, foster and improve the health education of consciousness and ability, enhance the effecticeness of community health education,enhance the image and value of community nurses, At the same time, for establishing the system, standardize the health education training system has laid a good foundation.