作为文化生态的非物质文化遗产保护与传承——中国保护实践的理论思考及问题分析

Protection and Dissemination of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Cultural Ecology——Theoretical Thinking and Problem Analysis of China's Practice

文章通过回顾以联合国教科文组织为中心的国际无形文化遗产保护思想的产生初衷及其保护理念的流变历程,针对我国非物质文化遗产保护实践的特征与问题,从维持文化多样性与就地保护、完善保护制度与保存方式、尊重社区文化权利与可持续使用等方面,就传统文化与民间传承等非遗保护理论问题进行了探讨,强调应以承认传统文化价值、尊重地方居民意愿为前提,积极推进以社区为基础的非遗保护实践。

The paper reviews the original intention and the evolution of conservation concept in the UNESCO-led international protection movement for intangible cultural heritage （ICH）. Aiming at the characteristics and issues of the ICH protection practice in China, this paper discusses ICH conservation theory from the aspects of maintaining cultural diversity and in-situ preservation, improving the protection system and preservation approach, and respecting the community＇s cultural rights and sustainable use. It also emphasizes the importance of carrying out a comprehensive community-based ICH protection practice on the premise of acknowledging the value of traditional culture and respecting local residents＇ wishes.