强关系还是弱关系:大学生就业中的社会资本利用

Strong Ties or Weak Ties:the Using of College Graduates'Social Capital in Employment

基于2009年大学毕业生抽样调查数据,本文实证检验了在大学生就业中的社会资本利用方面,到底是强关系还是弱关系更为重要的问题,结果发现:第一,在对大学生求职结果的影响方面,与弱关系相比,强关系的力量更强。而且,如果这种强关系是一种非亲戚关系,关系人拥有较高的职位,则会进一步提高大学生顺利实现就业的概率;第二,在对大学生能否就业于国有单位的影响方面,与弱关系相比,强关系的力量也更强,且直接影响了职位的获得;第三,在对大学毕业生的起薪水平的影响方面,不管是强关系还是弱关系,都不具有显著作用。这一反差表明,强关系的力量更多地体现在有助于大学生就业机会的获得方面,并不能确保大学生可以获得一份高工资工作。

This paper empirically tests the utilization of college graduates＇ social capital in employment based on the survey data in 2009. Which one is more important, strong tie or weak tie？ Results showed that the strong ties are stronger compared with the weak ties in the effect on college graduates＇ obtaining the work chance. And the strong ties will improve the probability of college graduates＇ obtaining employment chance suc- cessfully if the strong ties are kind of non-relatives with higher positions on the people. At the same time, the graduates can find better job opportunities in state-owned units with the helps of strong ties compared with the weak ties. So the strong ties directly in- fluence the position access. However, both strong and weak ties do not play the signifi- cant roles in the impact of university graduates＇ starting salary. This contrast shows the strength of the relationship is reflected in more help for graduates＇ obtaining employ- ment opportunities, but do not ensure that they can certainly get a higher salary job.