甘蔗不同世代性状的变异模式与重演能力

Variation Pattern and Repeatability of Characters in Different Generations of Sugarcane

甘蔗15个家系有性和无性世代6个主要经济性状变异模式的分析表明,有性世代除丛有效茎数外,其他性状的群体均值低于无性世代,而所有性状的变异系数大多超过无性世代.显示出基因型—环境互作对甘蔗早期世代性状表达的效应.世代间性状表现的重演能力,以株高和锤度最强,茎径、丛有效茎数和丛重稍弱,锤重最弱.根据2个世代性状的变异模式和重演能力,CP72-1210×崖84-153和新台糖1号×崖71-374被认为是理想的高糖组合;崖79-222×崖84-153和粤农73-204×科5是理想的高产组合.针对这些组合的性状遗传变异特点,采用相适应的选择策略,有可能筛选出符合甘蔗育咱目标的高产高糖无性系.

The analysis of variation patterns of 6 main economic characters in sexal and clonal generations of sugarcane 15 crosses indicated that in sexal generation except for stalk number per clrmp, the population means of other 5 characters are lower and variation coefficients of all characters are higher than that in clonal generation, these showed the genotype—environment interaction effect on the expression of characters in earlier stage of sugarcane. The repeatabilities of character performances between generation are high for plant height and brix, intermediate for stalk diameter, stalk mumber per clump and clump weight, and low for brix weight. According to variation pattern and repeatability of characters in two generations, it is found that CP72-1210 x Ya84-153 and ROC 1×Ya 71-374 are desirable crosses with high sugar content while Ya79-222×Ya84-153 and Yuetong 73-204 ×Ke5 are desirable crosses with high cane yield. It is possible to develop the superior clones with high cane yield and sugar content which accord with the object of sugarcane breeding by using the suitable selection strategy on the basis of characteristics of genetic vauiation in these crosses.