圈养赤麻鸭繁殖期的行为日节律及时间分配

Time Budget and Activity Rhythm of Ruddy Shelduck(Tadorna ferruginea) in Captivity During Breeding Season

2011年4—6月，在徐州金桥珍禽有限公司，采用全日制瞬时扫描法对繁殖良好的一对赤麻鸭在繁殖期的行为日节律及时间分配进行了研究，并用独立样本￡检验进行了不同性别在繁殖各期行为的差异性分析。结果表明：繁殖的不同时期赤麻鸭行为时间分配存在明显的性别差异。繁殖前期雌雄赤麻鸭之间的筑巢行为差异极显著（P〈0．01），警戒行为差异显著（P〈0．05）。繁殖中期孵化行为由雌性赤麻鸭单独承担，雄性主要负责在巢边警戒，雌雄之间的趴卧、孵化及警戒行为差异极显著（P〈0．01）。繁殖后期雌雄行为差异不显著（P〉0．05），2只赤麻鸭几乎形影不离。赤麻鸭繁殖期行为呈现一定的日活动节律，采食行为集中在上午和下午的喂食时间7：00～8：00及16：00～17：00这2个时间段内，孵化行为所占比例最低，此时雌性赤麻鸭出巢取食；一天中，休息行为在中午呈现一个高峰；警戒行为在清晨达到最高峰。

We studied time budgets and activity rhythms of a breeding pair of ruddy shelduck （ Tadorna ferruginea） by the in-stantaneous scan method at Xuzhou Jinqiao Poultry Raising Development Co. from April -June 2011. We used the independ-ent samples t test to analyze gender differences of breeding behaviors of ruddy shelduck in different breeding phases. In differ-ent breeding phases there were clear gender differences of ruddy shelduck in the behavior time budget and activity rhythm. In the early breeding period the gender differences in nesting behavior were significant（P 〈 0. 01 ） and alert behaviors were signifi-cantly different （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. In the incubation period hatching was undertaken solely by the female. The male was mainly re-sponsible for nest protection. The lying, hatching and alerting behaviors of different genders were significantly different （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. In late breeding periods, male and female behaviors were similar （ P 〉 0. 05 ） and the pair was nearly always together. The behavior of ruddy shelduck appeared to foUow a certain activity rhythm with feeding occurring mostly in the morning and af-ternoon. Incubation behavior was least frequent at 7 ： 00 - 8 ： 00 and 16 ： 00 - 17 ： 00, when the female left the nest to feed. Resting behavior was most common at noon. Alert behavior was most common in early morning.