广西钦州湾红树林群落特征及其物种多样性

The characteristics and biodiversity of the mangrove forest community in Qinzhou Bay of Guangxi

以广西钦州湾红树林群落为研究对象,在大冲口、沙井、沙环设置3个调查断面,调查了钦州湾潮滩原生红树林群落的类型、密度、高度、覆盖度、叶面积指数、更新层等。研究表明钦州湾红树林群落从低潮滩到高潮滩的演替规律为:老鼠簕+卤蕨+桐花树群丛→白骨壤、白骨壤+桐花树、桐花树、桐花树+白骨壤群丛→桐花树+秋茄+老鼠簕群丛→秋茄-桐花树、秋茄-白骨壤、秋茄-桐花树+白骨壤群丛→秋茄群丛;红树林群落物种多样性指标数据表明钦州湾潮滩上主要的原生红树植物种群有3种:桐花树、白骨壤、秋茄,种群重要值秋季大于春季,各种群重要值大小排序为桐花树>白骨壤>秋茄。

The type, the density, the height, the vegetation coverage, the leaf area index and the updated layer of the pri-mary mangrove forest community in the tidal flat of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi were investigated on the three cross-sectional survey. The results showed that the mangrove forest community evolutionary changes of the Qinzhou Bay from low to high tide beach were Acanthus ilicifolius ＋ Acrostichum aureum Linn. ＋ Aegiceras corniculatum → Aricennia marina, A. marina ＋ A, corniculatum, A. corniculatum, A. corniculatum ＋ A. marina → A. corniculatum ＋ Kandelia eandel ＋ A. ilieifolius K. candel-A, corniculatum, K. candel-A, marina, K. candel-A, corniculatum ＋A. marina → K. candel. Man-grove forest community biodiversity indexes showed that three major primary mangrove plants were available in the tidal flat of Qinzhou Bay： A. corniculatum, A. marina, K. eandel. The important value of the populations in the fall was greater than that in the spring. The order of the important value of various groups was as follows ： A. corniculatum 〉 A. marina 〉 K. carmel.