野生动物饲养管理体系与认证研究

Wildlife Feeding Management System and Certification

野生动物饲养管理体系是野生动物生产经营组织围绕野生动物饲养而展开的计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制活动的管理体系,通常包括制定饲养方针和目标,开展饲养策划、饲养控制、饲养保证和饲养改进活动,覆盖范围包括法律法规和相关要求、动物福利、环境和职业健康安全。建立全面、协调、可持续的野生动物饲养管理体系,是制度创新和管理创新,是实现资源可持续利用,组织可持续发展的必然要求,也是野生动物行政管理的根本期望。实施野生动物饲养管理体系能降低经营风险,提高管理水平,保障动物福利,保护员工权益。开展野生动物饲养管理体系认证,借助社会力量监督和管理野生动物饲养业,逐步用认证替代现行的政府行政性监管方式,是转变政府职能,提高行政效率,降低行政成本,减少行政责任和风险的一条重要途径。

Wildlife Feeding Management System （WFMS） is a management system that carrys out planning, organizing, coordinating, commanding and controlling activities about wildlife feeding of Wildlife Production and Management Organization （WPMO）, usually including activities of feeding policy and ob- jective, feeding plan, feeding control, feeding assurance and feeding improvement, covering laws and regulations, other requirements, animal welfare, environment, occupational health and safety. Establish- ment of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable WFMS is innovation in institution, management, the inevitable requirement of resource sustainable utilization and sustainable development of WPMO, and fundamental expectation of wildlife administration, too. Implementing WFMS can reduce risk of management to raise the management standard, safeguard animal welfare and protect of rights and interests of employees. Developing WFMS certification, supervising and managing wild animal farming with the help of social forces and replacing administration with certification step by step are important ways to transform government function, enhance administrative efficiency, decrease administration cost, and reduce administrative responsibility and administrative risk.