椰子织蛾传入中国及其海南省的风险性分析

Risk analysis of the coconut blackheaded caterpillar,Opisina arenosella,in China and Hainan Island

【背景】椰子织蛾原产于印度和斯里兰卡,现主要分布于南亚和东南亚,是椰子、中东海枣、蒲葵等多种棕榈科植物的重要害虫。我国目前尚无椰子织蛾发生为害的报道;但从适生性的角度看,该虫的地理分布区与我国南方棕榈植物分布区具有相似的生物气候,理论上我国热带、亚热带的广大区域是椰子织蛾的潜在地理分布区。鉴于其危害严重性,一旦入侵,其危险程度将超过已在我国发生的重要入侵害虫椰心叶甲。【方法】根据国际植物检疫措施标准(ISPM)规定的有害生物风险性分析(PRA)程序,利用相关风险性分析模型,从国内外分布状况、潜在的危害性、受害寄主的经济重要性、传播扩散的可能性及危险性管理难度5个方面,对椰子织蛾在中国及其海南省的风险性进行定性、定量分析。【结果】椰子织蛾在中国及其海南省的风险值(R)分别为2.20和2.30,在我国属于高度危险性有害生物。【结论与意义】本研究可为制定椰子织蛾的检疫管理对策提供依据。

[ Background ] The coconut blackheaded caterpillar Opisina arenosella Walker （Lepidopetra： Oecophoridae） is one of the most notorious insect pests of palm trees such as Cocos nucifera L., Phoenix sylvestris Roxb, Livistona chinensis （ Jacq. ） R. Br. et al. Native to India and Sri Lanka. O. arenosella is currently distributed throughout South and Southeast Asia. Areas with palms in the south of China are potentially suitable distribution areas for O. arenosella. There is no report about O. arenosella in China yet, but if this species reaches China, will cause more serious damage than Brontispa longissirna （Gestro）, which is already a serious in- vasive pest. [ Method] In order to assess the potential risk level of O. arenosella to China and develop quarantine countermeasures, we performed a pest risk analysis （PRA） based on international standards for phytosanitary measures （ISPM） and the relational model of PRA. The risk level of O. arenosella were analyzed on five aspects--distribution, potential damaged degree, economical value of damaged host plants, spreading possibility and management difficulty in China and Hainan Island. [ Result ] The value of the index of the pest risk was 2.20 and 2.30, indicating that O. arenosella is a dangerous alien species with high risk in China. [ Conclusion and significance ] The strategy of the risk management for the O. arenosella was also evaluated in this paper.