革皮氏海参总皂苷致畸和致突变作用的研究

Study on the mutagenicity and teratogenicity of saponins of Pearsonothuria graeffei

目的对革皮氏海参(Pearsonothuria graeffei,P.graeffei)总皂苷的生殖毒性和遗传毒性进行评价。方法采用Ames试验法,分别检测不同浓度海参皂苷对组氨酸缺陷型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102回复突变菌落数的影响;健康性成熟雌、雄大鼠2∶1同笼过夜,将孕鼠随机分为正常组、不同浓度海参皂苷剂量组,剂量组大鼠给予灌胃海参皂苷的剂量分别为17.2、68.8、275mg·(kg·bw)-1,正常组灌胃生理盐水。于妊娠第20d处死孕鼠,记录总胎数、活胎数、死胎数和吸收胎数;称子宫重、胎盘重和胎鼠重;测量胎鼠体长和尾长;检查胎数的外观、内脏和骨骼。结果不同剂量组海参皂苷都没有引起试验菌株回变菌落数的明显增加,结果为阴性;与正常组相比,各剂量组对胚胎形成、生长发育、外观、骨骼及内脏各指标均无显著性差异。结论在该实验剂量与条件下,海参总皂苷无致突变作用,对孕鼠生长和胚胎发育亦无致畸作用。

Objective To evaluate the genotoxicity and teratogenicity of saponins of P. graeffei. Methods The number of spontaneous revertant of TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 at different concentrations was calculated with the Ames test. The pregnant rats were divided into notarial control group, different concentrations of saponins of P. graeffei groups （n=15） after female and maze rats were arranged in the same cage overnight in a ratio of 2 ： 1. Saponins of P. graeffei were administrated by oral gavage at doses of 17.2.68. 8.275 mg/kg·bw）^-1 in the three experiment groups respectively, the control group was given normal saline. The rats were sacrificed on the 20th day of pregnancy and the numbers of total fetuses, living fetuses, dead fetuses,and absorbed fetuses were recorded. The weight of uterus, placenta , fetuses and length of body, tail were measured and the appearance, internal organs and skele-ton of fetal rats were tested. Results The results suggested that the number of mutant colonies did not increase significantly and the Ames test was negative. No obvious differences were observed in each in dex of embryogenesis, growth, appearance, internal organs and skeleton compared with the normal group. Conclusion Under the doses and conditions of this study, saponins of P. graeffei have no harmful effects and teratogenicity on pregnant and fetal rats.