血液透析患者丙型肝炎病毒感染的临床研究

THE CLINICAL STUDY OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION IN HEMODIALYSIS

为了探讨血透患者丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)的感染情况及其影响因素 ,采用第二代ELISA法和nest -PCR分别测定 140例血透患者血清中HCV和HCVRNA。结果 :抗HCV和HCVRNA的阳性率在血透组和非血透组之间差异非常显著 ,且随着血透时间延长而增高 ,5年以上患者达 94.6 % ;HCV感染率与是否输过血无关 ;采取严格隔离透析、透析器复用等预防措施可降低HCV感染率。结论 :血透明显增加丙型肝炎的感染 ,且与输血无关 ,预防措施有助于降低HCV在血透患者中的发生率。

Objectives: To investigate the incidence and affecting factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: Serum antibodies to HCV was detected by second generation ELISA and HCV-RNA by nest-PCR in 140 HD patients. Results: The results suggest that significant difference of seropositivity rate of anti-HCV antibody and HCV-RNA was observed between HD group and the non-HD group, HCV seropositivity rate increased with the duration of HD treatment. Patients dialyzed over five years had a HCV infection rate of 94.6%, in this group of HD patients, no significant difference of HCV seropositivity rate was found between HD patients received and not ever received blood or blood product transfusion in their history. The application of strict isolating dialysis and dialyzer reuse and the other prevention measures can lower HCV seropositivity rate. Conclusions: HD significantly increases the infection of HCV and it has no relationship with blood transfusion. Prevention measures can help to lower HCV infection in hemodialysis.