澳大利亚语言政策的发展变迁及其动机分析

The Change of Language Policy in Australia and Analysis of Its Motivation

澳大利亚作为多民族、多语种的国家,其语言政策经历了放任、同化、多元、优先化四个发展阶段。语言政策与语言规划的理论研究之一就是动机研究,语言政策的动机具有复杂、多维、动态的特点。澳大利亚的语言政策在不同发展阶段分别有着交际、工具、认同、危机感、平等、经济等动机。语言政策动机研究尚不深入,建议对每一个国家语言政策动机进行分析,再总结语言政策动机的种类、层次、系统。

Australian language policy has experienced four periods. Study of motivation of language policy has been the focus of the field and the motivation has the characteristics of complexity, multi-dimension, and dynamics. Australian language policy has been motivated by national identification, communication/instrument, equity, and economics. It is suggested that the case study of motivation of language policy should be conducted for further study of the typology, hierarchy,and system of motivation.