上海市普陀区人乳头瘤病毒分型检测及感染情况分析

Analysis of human papillomavirus genotype and infection in Putuo District of Shanghai

目的：探讨上海普陀区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染亚型及其分布情况。方法采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）体外扩增和反向斑点杂交-基因芯片技术，检测2012年1月至2013年4月连续收集的共659例在本院门诊就诊妇女的宫颈脱落细胞标本。结果659例临床标本中共检出HPV感染340例，总检出率为51.6%。21种亚型中共检出20种亚型，其中HPV43低危亚型没有检出。感染率居前5位的基因型分别是16型为15.2%、CP8304型为10.2%、6型为8.9%、52型为8.9%、58型为8.4%。单一亚型感染比率为68%，多重感染为32%。20岁以下年龄组、20~29岁、30~39岁、40~49岁、50岁及以上年龄组HPV检出率分别为53.3%，60.7%，48.6%，36.6%及57.8%。高危亚型人群中，HPV主要检出亚型为16型、CP8304型、6型、52型及58型。结论29岁及以下年龄组检出高阳性率说明HPV感染有年轻化的倾向，其中16型、52型、58型等高危型HPV感染是本地区宫颈癌发病的主要原因。

Objective To investigate the human papillomavirus （HPV） infection subtype in females and its distribution in Putuo District, Shanghai. Methods Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and reverse dot blot hybridization and DNA microarray technology were used to detect 659 cases of cervical cytology specimens that collected from January 2012 to April 2013. Results There were 340 cases of positive HPV in 659 samples, and the detection rate was 51.6%. 20 kinds of subtypes were detected in 21 kinds of known subtypes. The low-risk type HPV-43 had not been detected. The infection rate of the top five genetypes were HPV-16 （15.2%）, HPV-CP8304 （10.2%）, HPV-6 （8.9%）, HPV-52 （8.9%）, HPV-58 （8.4%）, respectively. Single HPV subtype infection rate was 68%, and multiple HPV subtype infection rate was 32%. The HPV detection rates in different age groups （〈20, 20~29, 30~39, 40~49,≥50） were 53.3%, 60.7%, 48.6%, 36.6%and 57.8%, respectively. In high-risk groups, the main HPV subtypes were HPV-16, HPV-CP8304, HPV-6, HPV-52 and HPV-58. Conclusion The high positive rate in age groups of〈20 and 20~29 illustrated that the HPV infection tend to younger. The high-risk type HPV-16, HPV-52 and HPV-58 played a major role in cervical cancer occurrence and development in local area.