时代脉动与乡土之风——略论满族作家马加抗战时期的小说

The Rhythm of the Times and Rural Atmosphere: Ma Jia's Novels in the Anti-Japanese War

评论界对满族作家马加文学史地位的评定主要依据其建国后的小说创作展开,对于抗战时期,也就是马加创作起步期的小说则缺乏应有的关注和系统的阐释。抗战时期,正是马加确立其创作取向的关键阶段,也是为未来蓄势的发轫时期。因此,梳理评价马加这一阶段的小说极有必要。总的来说,马加抗战时期的小说主要聚焦于反帝抗战和解放区社会矛盾的揭示,对于时代的脉动有着准确而切实的把握。同时,马加注重在乡土气氛中言说社会、时代生活内容。不仅注重农村背景性元素的植入,而且还特别倾向使用承载着乡土物质文化的民间语言,这极大增添了其抗战小说的乡土之风。

The evaluation by the critics about a Manchu writer, Ma Jia＇s status in the literary history mainly was focused on his novel creation after the foundation of the state. However, the comment on his early novels which were also created in the Anti-Japanese War was lack of attention and systematical elaboration. It was in this period that Ma established his writing principle and set forth for the future. So it is really necessary to sort out these novels. In general, Ma＇s novels during ~is period were concentrated on Anti-imperialism and revealed social conflicts in the Liberated Area. And he accurately grasped the rhythm of the times. Meanwhile, Ma Jia emphasized on expressing the content of the society and time life in rural areas. Ma not only implanted some rural background elements, but also tended to use folk language which filled with rural culture. All of these added the rural style into his novels in this period.