重症医学科医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药性的探讨

Investigation of pathogenic bacteria of hospital acquired infections in intensive care unit and its drug-resistances

目的探讨重症医学科(ICU)医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药状况,为一些危重患者的抗感染治疗提供理论依据。方法对本院ICU 2010年9月至2012年8月医院分离出的菌株及耐药性进行调查,比较病原菌耐药率的差异。结果共检出病原菌698株,其中革兰阴性杆菌650株(93.12%),以非发酵革兰阴性杆菌科和肠杆菌科细菌为主;革兰阳性菌48株(6.88%),以葡萄球菌属和肠球菌属为主。病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药比较严重,耐药率呈上升趋势。结论重症医学科医院感染最多见于下呼吸道,主要为革兰阴性杆菌,对抗菌药物耐药比较严重,需严格掌握抗菌药物使用原则。

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria of hospital acquired infections in ICU and its drug-resistances provided evidence for treatment of critical patients in anti-infective therapy. Methods A retrospective investigation analysis was made of all the isolated bacteria and its drug- resistance in ICU from Sep 2010 to Aug 2012, compared the resistance rate of bacteria. Results 698 bacterial strains were isolated including 650 strains of Gram negative bacteria （93. 12% ）, the Gram negative bacteria consisted of non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli and enteric bacilli ; 50 strains of Gram-positive bacteria （6. 88% ）. The Gram-positive bacteria consisted of Staphylococcus and enter ococcus. Bacteria were raised resistant to commonly used antimicrobials and the tendency of resistant rate was increased. Conclusions The most frequently in the lower respiratory tract infection in ICU hospital, mainly gram negative bacilli, more serious drug resistance to antimicrobial agents, using antimicrobial drug must be strictly controlled in principle.