生活方式干预对脂肪肝患者认知行为及防治依从性的影响

Effect of lifestyle intervention on cognitive behavior and treatment compliance of patients with fatty liver

目的 调查单纯性脂肪肝患者对脂肪肝相关知识的掌握情况,指导护理人员有针对性地进行护理干预.方法 对2012年在衢州市人民医院体检中发现的98例单纯性脂肪肝患者的认知行为进行问卷调查和相关因素分析,根据调查结果和体检结果对脂肪肝患者进行持续动态的生活方式干预;比较干预前后脂肪肝患者各项生理指标变化情况,并对比较的结果进行分析.结果 干预3个月后患者对脂肪肝相关知识认知水平均有提高,分别占86.73％,92.86％,91.84％,90.82％,88.78％,与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义（x2分别为48.220,34.797,40.000,52.632,54.884;P ＜0.05）.干预3个月后患者对脂肪肝防治相关行为依从性较好,分别为82.65％,81.63％,80.61％,91.84％,85.71％,88.78％,77.55％,71.43％,62.24％,与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义（x2分别为106.506,106.909,83.731,86.510,86.450,71.050,71.226,88.028,71.638;P＜0.05）.干预3个月后患者体重指数、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、血压均下降,分别为（26.15±2.38） kg/m2,（1.91±0.76） mmol/L,（5.35±1.54） mmol/L,（103.51±20.84）mm Hg,与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义（t分别为8.552,5.078,4.962,4.826;P＜0.05）.结论 脂肪肝患者对脂肪肝相关知识认识不足,护理人员应采取有针对性的健康宣教和干预措施,提高患者的自我保护意识,有效降低脂肪肝发病率.

Objective To survey the related knowledge about fatty liver in simple fatty liver patients,and to guide nurses to carry out targeted nursing intervention.Methods Ninety-eight patients with simple fatty liver from 2012 to now in People＇ s Hospital of Quzhou were surveyed by questionnaires about their knowledge,attitude and behavior concerning fatty liver and an analysis was also made on related factors.The lifestyles of patients were continuously and dynamically intervened according to the results of survey and physical examination results.The comparison was made on the changes of every physiological index in patients before and after intervention,and an analysis was made on the results of the comparison.Results After 3 months of nursing intervention,the patients＇ related knowledge about fatty liver had been improved,respectively accounting for 86.73％,92.86％,91.84％,90.82％,and 8.78％.Compared with the situation before intervention,the differences were statistically significant （x2 =48.220,4.797,40.000,52.632,54.884,respectively; P ＜0.05）.Three months after intervention,compared with the patients＇ obedience to the prevention and treatment of fatty liver before intervention,their obedience after intervention was more satisfactory,respectively accounting for 82.65％,81.63％,80.61％,91.84％,85.71％,88.78％,77.55％,71.43％,and 62.24％,the differences were statistically significant （x2 =106.506,106.909,83.731,86.510,86.450,71.050,71.226,88.028,71.638,respectively; P ＜0.05）.Three months after intervention,the patients had experienced a decrease in body mass index,triglyceride,total cholesterol and blood pressure,their respective numbers were （26.15 ± 2.38） kg/m2,（1.91 ± 0.76） rmtmol/L,（5.35 ± 1.54） rmtmol/L,（103.51 ±20.84） mm Hg.Compared with the situation before intervention,the differences were statistically significant （t =8.552,5.078,4.962,4.826,respectively; P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusions The patients with fatty liver do not have enough knowledge about fatty liver.Therefore the nursing staff should carry out targeted health care propaganda and intervention to improve patients＇ consciousness of self-protection and eventually reduce the occurrence of fatty liver.