言语动词“商量”、“商议”的历时演变及其分布特点

Research on Distribution Discipline of Chinese Verbs Shangliang and Shangyi with Diachronic Strategy

"商量"与"商议"两词,在现代汉语中都有"交换意见"之义,但在用法上有细微差别。究其原因,这可能与两词不同的来源、在近代汉语不同时期的消长及分布特点有着密切的关系。"商量"、"商议"两词在唐代开始多见,但各有其形成过程。根据历代文献,可以看出唐代至清代"商量"、"商议"词汇运用的历时消长动态;结合当今汉语方言,还可以发现它们的地域分布特点。

Shangliang and Shangyi are two Chinese verbs which have the same meaning of exchange views,while there are subtle differences between them in usage. The reason may be related to the history of these two words as well as the evolution and distribution during different periods in modern Chinese. It was in the Tang Dynasty that Shangliang and Shangyi are commonly used,but each of them has its formation process. Literature shows that these two verbs had experienced various development directions from the Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty,and their geographical distribution could be recognized in Chinese modern dialect.