小学生行为和情绪障碍的危险因素前瞻性研究(340例9年后随访与分析)

Prospective study of the risk factors between affective disorders and behavior disorders of the pupils.

目的 为了探讨小学生行为和情绪障碍的危险因素。方法 作者采用前瞻性、分层随机样、同期对照与多因素分析相结合的方法 ,用Achenbach儿童行为量表、儿童心理健康诊断手册及自编的调查表 ,对 1987年 2月至 1988年 2月在本市两所医院出世的婴儿随机抽出 36 0例进行跟踪检查。 9年后资料完整者 340例 (失访 0 .93% )。结果 发现影响小学生行为障碍的主要危险因素依次为母妊期饮酒、出生时哭声微弱、人工喂养 ;影响小学生情绪障碍的主要危险因素依次为家居农村、家族有精神病患者、母妊期情绪不良、儿童慢性腹泻。

Objective To explore risk factors between affective disorders and behavior disorders of the pupils.Method 340 of 360 puplis were followed up who had been born in two hospitals of Mianyang city before 9 years,and were assessed by Achenback rating scale and questionaire(was designed by author of this paper).This paper was analysed with multi variables and controlled at the same time.Results The results confirm that lived countryside,had family histroy of psychosis,bad emotion in pregrance,chronic diarrhea were main risk factors for affective disorders.Drink wine in pregrance,lower sound of weeping at birth and no breast feeding were main risk factors for behavior disorders of the pupils.Conclusion These risk factors may be decreased or avoided,if pupils parents accept the health education of both before the marriage and during the pregrance.