喷雾高度可调的果园风送喷雾机的设计

Design of an orchard air-assisted sprayer with adjustable spray height

【目的】设计喷雾高度可调的牵引式果园风送喷雾机，以满足不同果树对喷雾机喷雾高度可调的要求。【方法】针对轴流风机式果园风送喷雾机难以满足不同果树喷雾高度可变的不足，基于喷雾高度可调的目的，设计了一种由1对转向相反的离心风机和角度可调的导流风箱为核心的牵引式果园风送喷雾机，在需求分析和虚拟三维建模的基础上，完成了各关键部件技术参数和整机结构的确定，并通过试验分析了该喷雾机在不同喷雾角度、风机转速、喷雾距离和喷雾压力条件下喷雾沉积量的分布情况。【结果】设计的以转向相反的离心风机和角度可调的导流风箱为核心的牵引式果园风送喷雾机，在离心风机转速为1 200 r/min、喷雾距离为2.5 m、喷雾压力为0.7 MPa、导流风箱的角度为0°和15°时，喷雾沉积量适宜的施药高度分别为0.8～2.4 m和1.6～3.2 m。【结论】所设计的果园风送喷雾机可以满足果园对不同高度果树施药的农艺要求。

【Objective】An orchard air-assisted sprayer with adjustable spray height was designed to meet the requirement of different orchards.【Method】The designed orchard air-assisted sprayer composed with a pair of centrifugal fans in the opposite direction of rotation and the angel of guide shell can be changed.Based on requirement analysis and three-dimensional modeling,the whole structure design and technology parameter of each crucial part were identified and the deposit distribution of the sprayer with different angles,different fan speeds,different spray distances and different spray pressures was obtained.【Result】The orchard air-assisted sprayer with adjustable spray height was designed.The proper heights of deposit distribution were 0.8-2.4 m and 1.6-3.2 m,respectively,when the guide shell angles were 0° and 15° while the speed of centrifugal fan was 1 200 r/min,the spray distance was 2.5 m,and the spray pressure was 0.7 MPa.【Conclusion】The sprayer can meet the requirements of fruit trees with different spraying agronomic heights.