《国际服务贸易协定》与《服务贸易总协定》的比较分析

A Comparative Analysis of TISA and GATS

在世界贸易组织多边框架下开展的多哈回合服务贸易自由化谈判基本处于停滞状态的背景下,以美国、欧盟为主导的"服务业挚友"集团在探寻一种新的谈判路径,《国际服务贸易协定》应运而生。《国际服务贸易协定》与《服务贸易总协定》既有联系,如前者采用后者的核心规范、减让表基本结构等;又有区别,如前者目前是以诸边方式进行的,引入了新的规则,期望实现服务贸易更高水平的自由化等。正确把握二者的关系,对于预测《国际服务贸易协定》进一步的发展,分析对多边贸易体制和各国服务贸易的影响,并在此基础上制定科学的应对策略,都具有重要的现实意义。

The WTO negotiations on trade in services under GATS are at an impasse in the Doha Round. The United States, the European Union and other interested WTO members are discussing a plurilateral framework for service negotiations to break through the current deadlock, known as the Trade in Services Agreement （TISA）. There are similarities between TISA and GATS： certain core concepts and a schedule-based approach to commitments, there are also some differences, for example, GATS is multilateral while TISA is probably plurilateral, and TISA introduces new rules in order to realize liberalization of higher degree. Analysis of the relationship between TISA and GATS has important implications in considering the right strategy to adopt towards TISA.