临床护士PICC维护知识技能和培训需求的现况调查

Investigation on nurses' knowledge and skill of PICC maintenance

目的调查上海市四所三级甲等医院临床护士对PICC维护的相关知识和技能的掌握情况,并探讨其影响因素。方法采用系统抽样的方法,对四所开展PICC技术的三级甲等医院的护士进行问卷调查,共发放问卷205份,回收187份,有效问卷175份。结果三级医院护士的PICC维护知识已经具备一定的基础,平均(69.44±12.11)分,85.1%的护士得分在60分以上,但与质量要求尚有距离。回答正确率在90%以上的条目分别是:"导管脱出的处理"(98.29%)、"置管侧手臂可进行的操作"(94.86%)、"PICC携带者可从事的活动"(93.71%)、冲管液的用量(92.57%)、输液不畅的处理(92.00%)。回答正确率低于50%的条目是"封管液的用量"(21.14%)、"封管液的种类"(26.86%)、导管断裂后的处理(38.86%),以及导管相关感染的识别(42.29%)。86.9%的护士希望接受不脱产的PICC在职培训。结论护理人员有较高的PICC培训需求,尚需加强PICC知识和技能的针对性培训,对培训内容及方式需要进行进一步的探讨。需要采取相应的改进措施,以提高临床护士维护知识。

Objective To descript the situation of mastery PICC maintenance-related knowledge and skills among clinical nurse in four hospitals in Shanghai,and to study it＇s related effect factors. Method By systematic sampling, 187 nurses from four grade A hospital was surveyed for the PICC skills by questionnaire. Result Nurses in three hos- pital already have foundation knowledge of PICC maintenance. The average score was 69.44 ± 12.11, 85.1% of nurses＇ score was higher than 60. The gap to quality requirements was still existed. The item with more than 90% correct answer was as following..＂Catheter extrusion processing＂（98.29%）,＂Catheter side arm can be operating＂ （94.86 % ）, ＂PICC carriers may engage in activities＂ （93.71% ）, ＂washing pipe liquid dosage＂ （ 92.57 % ） and ＂Infu- sion poor handling＂（92.00%）. The items with more than 50% correct answer was as following：＂ The amount of sealing solution＂ （21.14%） ,＂Sealing solution types＂26.86 % ,＂Catheter after fracture treatment＂38. 86% ,＂iden- tification of catheter-related infections＂（42.29%）. 86.9% of nurses want to accept full-time PICC-job training. Con- clusion PICC nurses have higher training needs. The knowledge and skills of PICC need to be strengthen by targeted training. Training content and methods need to be further explored to improve the clinical nurse maintenance knowl- edge.