牙鲆亲本对子代贡献率的实验研究

Difference in parental contribution to reproduction in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

利用18对高度多态性微卫星标记,对13尾牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)亲鱼的188尾后代进行亲子鉴定,计算其非亲排除率、鉴定准确率以及亲本对子代的贡献率。使用4个微卫星标记进行亲子鉴定,排除率≥0.999 9,准确率为92.02%;用6个标记的排除率≥0.999 999,准确率为96.81%;用8个标记的排除率≥0.999 999 999,准确率为97.87%;用10个标记的准确率为99.47%;用12～18个标记的准确率为100%。亲子鉴定准确率随非亲排除率和微卫星标记数目的增多而升高。检验所有子代全部是实验亲本的后代,即13个亲本对子代均有贡献,但不同亲本的贡献率不同,最高为47.34%,最低为0.53%。实验表明,基于多标记的非亲排除率检测方法可以用于牙鲆亲子鉴定,其鉴定准确率可以达到100%;不同亲本对子代贡献率不同,差异很大,产生差异的原因有待进一步研究。

It is important to consider the difference in contribution to reproduction between parents when assessing the effectiveness of enhancement programs. We used 18 microsatellite markers to estimate the Probability of Exclusion （PE）, paternity test accuracy, and the parental contribution of thirteen parents （five ♀, eight ♂）, based on a sample of one hundred and eighty eight offspring of Japanese flounder （Paralichthys olivaceus）.When using 4 microsatellite markers, the PE was≥0.999 9 and accuracy was 92.02%. Using 6 microsatellite markers, the PE was ≥0.999 999 and accuracy was 96.81%. When using 8 microsatellite markers, the two values were 0.999 999 999 and 97.87%; using 10 microsatellite markers, the accuracy was 99.47%, and between 12-18 microsatellite markers, the accuracy was 100%. Our data suggest that the accuracy increased with an increase in the number of microsatellite markers. These SSR markers can be used for parentage determination and evaluating the effectiveness of enhancement releases. The results of PE testing suggest that paternity test accuracy of 100% can be achieved. Although all thirteen parents contributed to reproduction, there was considerable variation in contribution among individuals. The highest and the lowest parental contributions were 47.34% and 0.53%, respectively. The reasons driving these differences reouire further research.