重庆市渝东南地区成年女性压力性尿失禁发病率和危险因素调查

A survey on the incidence and risk factors of adult female stress urinary incontinence in Southeast Chongqing

目的调查重庆市渝东南地区成年女性压力性尿失禁（SUI）的发病率和危险因素，为SUI的预防、治疗提供参考。方法随机抽取重庆市渝东南地区20岁以上女性675例，采用自填问卷和调查员向被调查者一对一当面问卷相结合的方法调查SUI的发病率和危险因素。问卷内容包括是否患SUI、人口学特征（年龄、职业、BMI等）、慢性疾病、月经状况、生育史等12个问题。结果重庆市渝东南地区成年女性SUI发病率为20．27％，40岁以前患病率随年龄的增加而上升，30-40岁年龄段是SUI发病高峰，工人、农民易患SUI，BMI、盆腔手术史、高血压、糖尿病、便秘、慢性咳嗽等慢性疾病及围绝经期、多次妊娠流产、分娩次数、顺产、会阴裂伤、会阴切开等妇产科因素是SUI的易患因素。结论重庆市渝东南地区成年女性SUI患病率较高，需引起医务人员和广大群众的高度重视，应进行早期宣传、早期预防、早期治疗。

Objective To study the incidence and risk factors for adult female stress urinary incontinence （SUI） in Southeast Chongqing in order to provide reference for SUI treatment and prevention. Methods A total of 675 adult female in Southeast Chongqing were randomly selected. A self-administered questionnaire combined with face-to-face survey was used to study SUI incidence and risk factors. The questionnaire contained 12 questions,including whether the respondents suffered from SUI, the demographic characteristics （age, occupation, BMI, etc）, chronic diseases, menstrual status, and oductive history. Results The SUI incidence was 20.27% in Southeast Chongqing. The prevalence increased with age, the peak incidence occurred between 30 to 40 years of age. Workers and farmers were susceptible to SUI. The risk factors included BMI,history of pelvic surgery, hypertension, diabetes, constipation, chronic cough and other chronic diseases, menopause, multiple miscarriage, childbirth number,eutocia,perineal laceration, and episiotomy. Conclusion Southeast Chongqing has a high prevalence of adult female SUI,which needs early prevention and treatment.