离心式空压机内固粒对叶轮磨损的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of solid particle erosion in centrifugal air compressor impeller

通过对气固两相流场中固相颗粒运动轨迹的拉格朗日追踪,应用雷诺时均N-S方程、标准两方程模型(气相)、离散相流动模型(固相)和塑性材料冲蚀磨损模型,利用正交模拟试验手段和数值模拟方法,研究离心式空气压缩机全流道内气固两相湍流场的固相颗粒对叶轮叶片压力面的冲蚀磨损分布情况及磨损规律。研究结果表明:在离散相颗粒的3个几何参数中,固粒直径的改变对叶片磨损的影响最大,质量流量次之,固粒初速度的影响最小;叶轮中的冲蚀磨损最严重的部位是叶片压力面;固粒对叶片压力面的冲蚀磨损部位主要集中在叶片后缘根部,叶片中部也有一定程度的磨损。数值模拟的结果可解释相关的实际失效情况,研究成果可应用于抗冲蚀磨损叶轮的设计与修复。

Based on Lagrangian tracking of solid particles＇ motion trajectories in a gas-solid flow, and by applying Reynolds time-averaged control equations, standard two-equation turbulent model, discrete phase model and ductile materials erosion model, numerical simulation was adopted to study the distribution of erosion wear on blade pressure surface and the erosion rules in the centrifugal air compressor through orthogonal test. According to the simulation results, in the geometric parameters of discrete particles, particle diameter has most influenced on erosion wear of blade, and the particle mass flow ranks the second place and the particle initial speeds impact is minimal. The most serious erosion wear part in impeller is blade pressure surface. The erosion wear position on blade pressure surface caused by particles impacting primarily locates on blade trailing edge roots, and blade middle part also has a certain degree of wear and tear. The results of numerical simulation can explain some actual impeller failure cases and can be applied to anti-erosion wear impeller design and repair.