唇裂婴幼儿气质特性的研究

Study of the temperament characteristics in infants and toddlers with congenital cleft lip

目的：评价处于不同年龄阶段的唇裂婴幼儿气质结构特征,为临床上开展心理治疗提供参考依据.方法：随机选取2010-01～ 12于中南大学湘雅医院口腔科住院治疗的110例（年龄5个月～3岁）唇裂患儿,采用Carey的“婴儿气质问卷-修订版（revised infant temperament questionnaire,RITQ）”和“幼儿气质评估表（toddler temperament scale,TTS）”进行评定并与正常同龄婴幼儿440例对照分析.结果：回收有效问卷病例组106例,对照组437例.唇裂婴幼儿患者气质特性无年龄、性别及气质类型的差异；与正常对照组比较,5～11个月唇裂婴儿有9个气质维度出现差异,病例组患儿在活动水平、反应强度及反应阈较对照组低,而在节律性、趋避性、适应性、情绪本质、坚持性、注意分散度得分均高于对照组；12～23个月唇裂幼儿气质特性中反应强度及注意分散度得分较低,而节律性、趋避性、情绪本质、坚持性得分较高；24 ～ 36个月反应强度及反应阈得分较低,活动水平、节律性、适应性、情绪本质、坚持性、注意分散度得分较对照组得分高,差异有显著性.结论：唇裂婴幼儿气质与正常婴幼儿相比有明显的异常,合理而及时的心理干预治疗是十分必要的.

Objective：To study the temperament characteristics of the differently aged infants and toddlers with congenital cleft lip in Hunan province,and provide evidence for improving the mental health.Methods：110 infants and toddlers with congenital cleft lip （case group） and 440 normal ones（control group） aged from 5 to 36 month were selected randomly and assessed with revised infant temperament questionnaire （RITQ） and toddler temperament scale （TTS） in Xiangya hospital.All information was statisticly analysised.Results：Effective answer to the questionnaires was received from 106 parents of case group and 437 of control group.There was no gender,age and temperament type difference between case group and control.However,nine temperament dimensions （including active,intense,rhythmicity,approach,adapt,mood,persistence and distractible） of case group were observed different from control group aged from 5 to 11 mouth（P ＜ 0.05）,five dimensions（less intense,less distractible,more rhythmicity,more approach,more mood and persistence） in toddlers aged from 12 to 23 month（P ＜ 0.05）,and seven dimensions （Less intense,less threshold,more active,more rhythmicity,more adapt,more mood,more persistence and distractible） in 24 to 36-month-old toddlers （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion：More temperament disorders exist in infants and toddlers with congenital cleft lip,and it is necessary to treat them effectively and actively.