唑来膦酸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的一过性反应的观察与护理

Observation and nursing of the transient adverse effect of zoledronic acid in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

目的观察唑来膦酸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的一过性药物反应并探讨护理措施。方法 22例患者均为绝经后骨质疏松症患者。均给予唑来膦酸5 mg/100 ml静脉滴注15 min以上输完。给药结束后记录治疗效果及不良反应。所有患者给予心理护理,用药护理及治疗后不良反应的处理。结果唑来膦酸静脉滴注后主要的一过性不良反应为发热(>37.5℃),本科用药患者均出现发热(22例),其次症状为肌痛16例,流感样症状15例,关节痛10例,头痛5例。以上症状均为一过性,不超过48小时,并且给予非甾体类抗炎镇痛类药物后症状可缓解。2例第二次用药患者均未出现任何不良反应。血细胞分析及肝肾功检查均未出现异常。结论唑来膦酸给药后会出现发热、肌痛等反应,但均为一过性,通过采用积极的用药后护理措施可以提高用药的安全性避免药物反应带来的不良影响。

Objective To observe the transient drug reaction of zoledronic acid in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and to explore the nursing intervention method. Methods In this study, 22 patients were diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis. All the patients were treated with an intravenous drip of 5mg/100ml zoledronic acid for more than 15 minutes. Therapeutic effect and adverse reaction were recorded after the administration. All patients received psychological care, medication care, and treatment of adverse reaction after the administration. Results The main adverse reaction was fever （ 〉 37.5℃ ） after the intravenous drip of zoledronic acid. All the 22 patients in our department had fever. The other symptoms were myalgia （ 16 cases） , influenza-like symptoms （15 cases）, joint pain （10 cases）, and headache （5 cases）. All these symptoms were transient, lasting less than 48 hours, and relieved after treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Two patients had no adverse reaction in the second medication. All blood sample analysis and liver and kidney function test results were within normal range. Conclusion After the administration of zoledronic acid the patients may develop fever, myalgia, and other reactions, but these are all transient. The active nursing intervention after the medication can improve the safety of medication and avoid the adverse effect of drug reaction.