参与式方法在预防医学本科教育中的应用

Application of participatory teaching methods in undergraduate education of preventive medicine students

目的:为促进预防医学人才培养适应社区公共卫生事业发展的需要,对预防医学本科生的专业课程进行改革。方法:在预防医学三年级本科生中按平均成绩分层抽取20名学生实施参与式课程(参与组);再分层抽取20名学生参加常规专业课学习(对照组)。参与组采用双语教学,教师与学生圆形围坐,参与式方法包括小品、画图、游戏、模型等形式,并对考核过程进行创新,最后对参与式教学与常规教学的学生专业知识、态度、行为进行比较。结果:参与组与对照组学生的专业知识得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),参与组学生学习态度和学习行为得分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。参与式课程教学效果和社会效应明显好于对照组。结论:参与式教学丰富了实践教育,促进了学生对专业的主动性学习行为,可为预防医学教育工作者提供借鉴参考。

Objective ：To reform the professional course teaching of preventive medicine undergraduate students for meeting the need of public health service development. Methods： Forty grade 3rd undergraduate students from preventive medicine were selected by stratified sampling method according to average scores, and divided into participatory and control group（20 students in each group）. The control group were taught by routine mode. Bilingual teaching was applied in participatory group, participatory forms included playing sketch ,drawing, designing game and making model. Professional knowledge, attitude and behavior of two groups were compared. Results ：The score difference of professional knowledge between two groups has no statistical significance （P 〉 0. 05 ）. The scores of attitude and behavior in participatory group were significantly higher than those in control group（ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The teaching and social effects of participatory group were better than those in control group. Conclusions ： Participatory teaching method can enrich practical education and improve the learning activity of professional knowledge, which can provide a model for related educators.