崇左市某锰矿企业工人职业健康检查结果及防治对策

Results of occupational health examination among workers in a manganese mine of Chongzuo City and prevention countermeasures

目的了解崇左市锰矿企业存在的主要职业病危害因素对工人健康的影响,为指导锰矿企业更好地开展职业病防治工作,保护劳动者健康提供科学依据。方法按《职业健康监护管理办法》锰矿企业工人在岗期间检查项目要求开展职业健康检查,并对检查结果进行分析。结果尿锰检查1 570人,异常检出率最高,占63.89%;男性作业工人尿锰异常检出率比女性高,两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.82,P<0.01);B超检查1 100人,异常检出率21.27%;听力测试751人,异常检出率12.52%;胸片检查1 570人,异常检出率0.96%。结论崇左市锰矿企业存在的主要危害因素为锰及其化合物、噪声,对人体健康造成了直接影响,存在职业病发生隐患,锰及其化合物的污染不容忽视。监管部门及企业自身应采取切实可行的综合防治措施。

[ Objective ] To understand the influence of main occupational hazard factors on health of workers in a manganese mine of Chongzuo City, provide scientific basis for guiding the prevention and control of occupational disease in manganese mine, and pro- tecting the health of labors. [ Methods ] According to requirements of the Management method of occupational health surveillance, the occupational health examination was conducted among workers in manganese mine, and the results were analyzed. [ Results] Among 1 570 workers who have received the urine manganese, the abnormal detection rate was 63.89%, which was the highest. The abnormal detection rate in male workers was higher than that in female workers significantly {X2 =21.82,P 〈0.01 ）. 1100 workers received the B ultrasound examination with the abnormal detection rate of 21.27%. The listening test was conducted in 751 workers, and the abnormal detection rate was 12.52%. 1 570 workers received the chest X-ray examination with the abnor- mal detection rate of 0.96%. [ Conclusion] The main occupational hazard factors in manganese mine of Chongzuo City are manga- nese and its compounds t as well as noise, which have direct damage in health of workers. There are hidden dangers of occupational diseases, and it is necessary to pay great attention to the pollution caused by manganese and its compounds. The supervision depart- ment and enterprise should take feasible and comprehensive prevention and control measures.