2008—2012年无锡市惠山区肺结核病疫情分析

Analysis on epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Huishan District of Wuxi City from 2008-2012

目的通过分析无锡市惠山区2008--2012年度结核病疫情，了解该地区肺结核病流行特征，为制定下一步防控措施、降低肺结核病发病率提供科学依据。方法对2008--2012年无锡市惠山区肺结核病例统计监测资料进行整理并利用SPSS13．0、MicrosoftExcel软件进行流行病学、统计学分析。结果惠山区年均活动性肺结核登记率为39．07／10万，新涂阳登记率为16．19／10万。患者中男性病例975例，患病率为27．21／10万；女性425例，患病率为11．86／10万；男性肺结核患病率明显大于女性，差异有统计学意义（x2=6．401，P〈0．05）。除0—4岁组其余均有发病，其中15～24岁、25～34岁、35～44岁组病例数较多，占发病总数的57．21％。患者以农民、民工为主，共计988例，占活动性肺结核总数的70．57％。洛社、堰桥、钱桥等外来务工人员较多的地区，患者发现例数相对较多。全年各月均有发病，无明显季节性差异，11、12、1月份病例数较少。结论该区活动性结核患者以从事体力劳动的男性青壮年为主，根据结核病发病特点有针对性地采取防治措施才能更为有效的控制结核病传播流行。

[ Objective] To analyze the epidemic situation of tuberculosis （TB} in Huishan District of Wuxi City from 2008-2012, understand the epidemiological characteristics of TB in this area, and provide scientific basis for making the prevention and control measures and reducing the incidence rate of TB. [ Methods ~ The monitoring data of TB in Huishan District of Wuxi City from 2008-2012 were collected to perform the epidemiological and statistical analysis with SPSS 13.0 and Microsoft Excel. [ Results] The average annual registration rate of active TB in Huishan District was 39.07/lakh, and the new smear-positive registration rate was 16. 19/lakh. There were 975 male patients and 425 female patients, while the prevalence rate in males （27.21/lakh） was higher than that in females （ I I. 86/lakh ） significantly （ X2 = 6. 401, P 〈 0.05 }. Except 0- 4 year-old age group, TB eases occurred in all age groups, and the cases in 15-24, 25-34 and 35-44 age groups accounted for 57.21% of total cases. 988 patients were farmer and migrant worker, accounting for 70.57% of total active TB cases. There were more TB cases in Luoshe, Yanqiao and Qianqiao area where the migrant workers were concentrated. TB cases occurred in whole year, without the obvious seasonal difference, and cases reported in November, December and January was relatively less. [ Conclusion] Most of active TB patients in Huishan District are male youths engaged in physical labor. It is essential to implement the prevention and control measures based on the epidemio- logical characteristics, to effectively control TB transmission.