论死亡保险金的非遗产化处理——基于对《保险法》第四十二条第一款的分析

On Non-treatment of Death Benefit as Legacy——Based on the Analysis of Clause 1 of Article 42 of Insurance Law

我国《保险法》第42条第1款规定,死亡保险金在无指定受益人的情形下作为被保险人的遗产,由保险人依照继承法的规定履行给付保险金的义务。该规定混淆了死亡保险金与遗产,受益权与继承权,以及保险关系与继承关系。死亡保险金不能成为被保险人的遗产,《保险法》第42条第1款应当按照保险金的本来属性进行修改。保险法应当建立法定受益人制度,以解决无指定受益人情形下保险金的给付问题。

Clause 1 of article 42 of China＇s Insurance Law provides that the death benefit shall be deemed as the legacy of the insurant under the circumstances of no designated beneficiary, and the insurer shall perform the obligation of paying death benefit according to the Inheritance Law. This provision confuses the death benefit with legacy, the beneficial right with right of inheritance,and the insurance relation with inheritance relation. The death benefit cannot become the legacy of the insurant, clause 1 of article 42 of the Insurance Law should be amended in accordance with the original attribution of insurance money. The Insurance Law should establish the legal beneficiary system in order to solve the payment problem under the circumstances of no designated beneficiary.