循环流化床锅炉床上重油点火启动结焦分析及预防措施

Analysis and Preventive Measure of Coking in CFBB during Heavy Oil Ignition Starting over Bed

循环流化床锅炉采用床上重油点火方式启动,容易出现结焦事故。基于一台新建机组锅炉启动过程中的结焦事故,分析了结焦原因,主要有风油比不当、油枪护罩设计缺陷、油枪定位不准、油煤混烧时间过长、重油油枪雾化不良和投煤后期燃烧调整不及时等。针对这些原因提出了对应的防结焦措施。实施这些措施后效果明显,锅炉启动过程中,油枪护罩附近及床料中均未出现焦块。

Coking occurs more frequently in the start-up process of circulating fluidized bed boiler （CFBB） with heavy oil ignition over bed. Based on a coking accident during the start-up process of a new CFBB, this paper analyzed the coking reasons that were improper wind-oil ratio, design defect of oil gun shield, incorrect positioning of oil gun, mixed burning time of oil and coal being too long, bad atomization of heavy oil gun, combustion adjustment being no in time in later coal feeding, et al. Finally, according to these reasons, the corresponding preventive measure of coking was put forward, whose effect was obvious： there was no coking in bed material and the region nearby oil gun shield.