从(交互)主观性看“不”和“没”的分工及语义表现

On the( Inter) subjectivity Differences of “BU” and “MEI”

共时层面上,"不"主要作用于客观层,而"没"主要作用于(交互)主观层。"没"可以激活两个心理空间,表现了主体间的认知协调,而"不"更多地是一种命题内的客观否定,这种主观性差异导致了两者在语篇和语用上的不同表现。同时,当"不"和"没"并置时,"没"只能出现在"不"的前面,体现了主观性成分向句法左端移动的VO语言倾向。历时主观化对这一发现提供了进一步的论证。

The paper argues that negators BU （不） and MEI （没） in modern Chinese function at different （inter）subjectivity levels of the construal configuration, with BU working at objective level and MEI at （inter） subjective level. MEI can activate two mental spaces which actually represent the cognitive coordination between conceptualizers offstage. BU, on the other hand, is the negation of grammatical subject onstage. As MEI reflects the cognitive alignment between speaker and addressee, MEI conveys a polite tone in negative expressions, and is a good device in maintaining discourse coherence. As a subjective element usually moves leftwards in VO language, MEI＇ s subjective performance explains why MEI always precedes BU when they are juxtaposed in a sentence.