2型糖尿病并发肺结核影响因素分析

Influence factors of type 2 diabetes complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的研究糖尿病患者合并肺结核的相关因素,为糖尿病患者中肺结核的预防与控制提供参考依据。方法采用问卷调查的方式调查2008年5月—2013年6月在广西柳州市人民医院就诊的5 711例糖尿病患者并发肺结核情况并分析并发肺结核的影响因素。结果糖尿病患者并发肺结核患病率为6.39%(365/5 711),不同年龄和地区糖尿病患者并发肺结核患病率不同(均P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大(OR=1.087)、农村(OR=2.931)、体质指数高(OR=1.114)、吸烟(OR=1.560)、接触有毒物质(OR=1.137)、有肺结核患者接触史(OR=1.226)及摄入腌制食物过多(OR=1.015)是导致糖尿病患者并发肺结核的危险因素,而多食蔬菜瓜果(OR=0.519)为保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论可通过控制体质指数及改善生活方式(如戒烟、多食蔬菜瓜果)等行为来降低糖尿病患者并发肺结核的风险,对并发肺结核患者进行系统健康教育可显著改善患者的预后。

Objective To explore related factors of diabetic patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis for prevention and control of tuberculosis among diabetic patients.Methods Totally 5 711 diabetic out-patients presenting at Liuzhou People＇s Hospital participated the questionnaire survey between May 2008 and June 2013.Results The prevalence rate of tuberculosis in the diabetic patients was 6.39%（365/5 711）,and the prevalence rates were different among the patients of different age and living residence（all P〈0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that older age（odds ratio[OR]=1.087）,living in rural area（OR=2.931）,higher body mass index（BMI）（OR=1.14）,smoking（OR=1.560）,exposure to toxic substances（OR=1.137）,history of contact to pulmonary tuberculosis patient（OR=1.226）and higher preserved food intake（OR=1.015）were risk factors for suffering from tuberculosis among the diabetic patients,whereas increased dietary vegetables and fruits intake was protective factor（OR=0.519）（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Risk of tuberculosis can be reduced through reducing BMI,taking healthy lifestyle（such as to quit smoking and to eat more fruits and vegetables）among diabetic patients.