太原东山大窑头煤系层间构造与岩溶陷落柱群发育模式

The interlayer structures and the karst collapse pillars style of the coal measure strata in Dayaotou village,Eastern Mountain,Taiyuan

煤系层间构造与岩溶陷落柱是阻碍煤炭企业高效生产的重要地质障碍,太原东山大窑头新开挖的路堑剖面集中揭示了这两类密切相关的构造现象;笔者在区域地质调查和对路堑剖面地质编录的基础上,从构造、地貌、水文演化的角度,构建出太原东山煤系层间构造与岩溶陷落柱群发育模式,获得:在燕山期EW向挤压应力体制下形成大窑头褶皱与层间构造,在新生代早期EW向伸展应力体制下,太行山前断裂发育后形成华北岩溶水系统后,在大窑头背斜轴部奥陶纪灰岩中发育管道流进而形成岩溶陷落柱群,新生代中晚期伴随着太行山隆升、晋中断陷的形成,发育了本区走向近EW的断阶,使得华北岩溶水系统解体。分析结果表明:太原东山岩溶陷落柱群是在构造控制下华北大岩溶水系统发育的结果,可作为华北克拉通破坏表生过程的良好记录物。

The interlayer structures and the karst collapse pillars of the coal measure strata are important geological barriers to efficient production of coal enterprises. These disaster geological shapes are exposed at Dayaotou cutting profile in Taiyuan Eastern Mountain. Based on regional geological survey and geological record of Dayaotou cutting pro- file, authors built the interlayer structures and the karst collapse pillars style of the coal measure strata in Taiyuan Eastern Mountain from the point of view of the evolution of tectonic, landform and hydrology. Drew the following con- clusion-Under EW directional compressive stress system in al extension stress regime in early cenozoic, after Taihang Yanshanian, Dayaotou folding formed. Under EW direction- piedmont fault development, formed karst water system in North China. In Dayaotou anticline axis, Ordovician limestone fractured, therefore karst collapse pillars developed. In the late Cenozoic, with the Taihang uplifting and Jinzhong rift forming, the EW directional fault terrace developed in the research area, so the karst water system in North China disintegrated. The results show that the karst collapse pil- lars group in Taiyuan Eastern Mountain were controlled by karst water system in North China. Therefore the collapse pillars are the good record of the destruction of the North China Craton.