论甘丹颇章政权宗教法律制度的构建与完善--以五世达赖喇嘛《哲蚌寺寺规》为例

The Construction and Improvement of Religious and Legal System during Ganden Podrang Regime

甘丹颇章政权作为政教合一体制的某种典型形态,有关宗教事务管理的法律与规范在其整个制度体系中占有十分重要的地位。五世达赖喇嘛等在继承格鲁派寺院原有组织体系和管理制度的基础上,进一步以法律规定的形式明确和完善了格鲁派寺院内部的组织形式、执事僧人的任免升迁制度、寺产管理方式、学经制度、考试制度以及寺内纪律仪节等,从而形成了一套比较完备的宗教法规体系。

Ganden Podrang regime was a typical form of theocratic system, in which the management laws and regulations of religious affairs held an important position. The Fifth Dalai Lama and his successors not only in- herited the original organizational and management system of the Gelugpa＇s monasteries, but also defined and improved the internal form of organization by law, and executed the appointment and promotion system among the Gelugpa＇s monks. Furthermore, a fairly complete religious regulation systems had been formed, for in- stance, the property management of the Gelugpa＇s monasteries and temples, sutra studying system, examination system, monastic discipline and manners, etc.