安徽省麻疹疫苗初始强化免疫活动效果评价

Evaluation on the Effect of Measles Catching up Vaccination Campaigns in Anhui Province

为了评价安徽省麻疹疫苗 (MV)初始强化免疫活动的效果 ,于 1997、1998、1999年在所辖 17个地区开展了流行病学调查、麻疹血清学监测和费用 -效益分析等 ,对MV初始强化免疫活动进行了评价。安徽省麻疹年平均报告发病率在强化免疫前为 7 94/10万 ,对 1～ 6岁儿童开展MV强化免疫后 ,1999年麻疹发病率为 1 36 /10万 ,降低了 82 87% ;1～ 6岁儿童麻疹发病构成 ,强化免疫前为 39 89% ,强化免疫后为 2 5 90 % ,大大减少了 5岁以下儿童的麻疹发病 ;强化免疫后 ,1～ 6岁儿童麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为10 0 % ,抗体几何平均滴度 (GMT)从强化免疫前的 1:16 45增长到强化免疫后的 1:44 92 ,抗体≥ 4倍以上增长率为 36 33%。开展MV强化免疫费用 -效益比值为 1:3 36～ 1:4 70。开展MV初始化强化免疫是加速麻疹控制最有效的措施之一。

The measles supplementary immunizations had been carried out in 17 districts in Anhui Province in Dec 1997,Nov 1998 and March 1999 For evaluating the effect of measles catching up vaccination campaigns in Anhui, we carried out epidemiological investigation,measles antibody surveillance and cost benefit analysis of the vaccination campaigns The measles incidence in 1999 was 1 36/100,000,reduced by 82 87%,as compared with 7 94/100,000 before the campaigns in the children aged 1～6years The measles proportions in the children aged 1～6 years of pro campaign and post campaign were 39 89% and 25 90% respectively The measles cases among the children under 5 years old decreased markedly after the campaigns The positive rate of measles antibody in the children aged 1～6 years increased to 100%, GMT increased from 1:16 45 to 1∶44 92, and the measles antibody of 36.33% of the children increased 4 fold after the campaigns The cost benefit ratio of the measles vaccination campaign ranged from 1∶3 36 to 1:4 70 The measles catching up vaccination campaign is one of the most effective measures to control measles