徐家汇观象台与近代气象台网在中国的建立

Observatory of Zi-Ka-Wei and Modern Meteorological Station Network Founded in China

以档案与科学报告为依据,对徐家汇观象台在中国境内创建最早的近代意义上的气象工作以及气象台网进行历史考察。徐台凭借其在气象预报方面的能力为英法等国在华机构与船只提供了及时准确的气象服务,同时,正是通过这些相关利益方,尤其是海关的帮助,徐台得以在中国建立了最早的气象台网,并将统一的气象信号系统推行开来。这种体现在科学活动中的利益交换与共享是文章重点研究的内容。

Based on archives and scientific reports, this paper studies the modern meteorologi- cal business and meteorological station network founded by Jesuits in the Observatory of Zi-Ka-Wei. Depending on its ability in terms of meteorological forecast, this observatory provided meteorological service for institutions and ships of US and UK in China timely. On the other hand, with the help of these concerned interest groups, especially the Customs, this observatory established the first meteor- ological station network in China, and initiated a set of meteorological signals. The exchange and share of interest embodied in scientific business is the point of the paper.