开元及天宝初诗坛的主流诗歌创作

The Poetry Creation by the Mainstream Poets from the Kaiyuan Years to the Early Tianbao Years In the Poetic Circles

《河岳英灵集》入选诗人以下层文人为主体,是弱势群体的组合。与之相对应的开元及天宝初诗坛的主流诗人活动则是以上层文士为主,是强势群体的组合:首先,以帝王为中心的创作,表现为追求政治协调、平衡的赏赐诗和出行诗以及为宏扬文化、宠幸文臣的学士赐宴诗;其次,文士为朝廷礼仪之需的乐章写作,显示出以官品取诗的政治倾向;最后,以重臣为中心的文士写作活动,包括了重大送行活动和同僚官吏之间的诗歌创作。强弱势文人群体的分布和描述,对理解开元、天宝诗风有重要的认识价值。

The poets in the Anthology of The Ecellent Poets From The Rivers and Moutains are largely the lower level scholars who belong to weak group of people. Comparing with the upper level scholars,there was another mainstream of poets who created poems from the Kaiyuan years( 713_741) to the Tianbao years( 742-756). They formed an association of privileged group. Firstly,the creation of poems was so concentrated on the emperors that most of the poets discribled the topics of bounties and royal progress which longed for the balance and harmony of the politics. Part of these poems called banquet poems which were created in order to enhance the culture and to praise the literati. Secondly,some of the poems were the movement writing which was based on the requirement of palatial rites. The standards for the value of writings were influenced by the poets' s offiicial ranks. Thirdly,the high court offcials were also the themes of poems which included the great send-off activities and poetic writings among the colleagues. The distribution and description of the mighty and the weak groups of literati have important value for understanding the style of poems from the Kaiyuan years to the Tianbao years.