皖江流域圩田的兴筑与管理

The Construction and Management of Weitian Along the Yangtze River Region Within Anhui Province

皖江流域的圩田是皖江人民在长期治田治水实践中创造的农田开发的一种独特形式。皖江圩田在其兴筑过程中,形成了诸如创新围垦形式、因地制宜发展农业生产以及采用科学方法养护圩堤等特点。在圩田管理上,皖江流域建有一套相对健全的水利管理机构和管理制度,并取得明显的管理效应,从而有效保障了圩区的正常有序运转。然而,圩田这种垦殖形态利弊并存,过度地开发势必会带来相应的环境问题,最直接的表现便是灾害的频繁发生。这种深刻的历史教训必须铭记。

Weitian, low-lying paddy fields surrounded by dikes, is a peculiar form of farming lands, which is created in the historical practice by Chinese farmers along the Yangtze River region within Anhui Province. In the case of construction, the farmers concluded new ways of exploitation, harmonized agriculture with na ture, and maintained the dikes scientifically. As for management, administrative organs with a series of regulatory regimes were well established to keep the project in effective operation. However, advantages exist with disadvantages. Over-reclamation leads to frequent natural disasters. Such historic lessons should be paid fair attention to.