小脑动脉的临床解剖研究

The Clinical Anatomy of Cerebellar Arteries

目的 为神经外科提供小脑动脉的临床解剖学资料。方法 手术显微镜下观察 6 0例成人脑标本小脑动脉的起始行径、主要分支、穿动脉及大致分布 ,检查各小脑动脉与颅神经根的接触关系。结果 6 0例成人脑标本有小脑上动脉 (SCA) 136支、小脑下前动脉 (AICA) 116支和小脑下后动脉 (PICA) 113支。 15侧SCA和 3侧PICA压迫三叉神经根并形成压痕 ,3侧AICA接触面神经根并形成压迹。结论 小脑动脉的局部解剖学资料有助于后颅窝手术时 ,对这些动脉尤其是行程可能有变异的动脉及穿支予以保护 ,避免损伤 ,并保护与小脑动脉关系密切的颅神经根 ;对某些脑干血管综合征患者及某些三叉神经痛。

Objective To provide the anatomical data of cerebellar arteries for neurosurgery.Methods Under operative microscope the origin, course, branches, and distributions of the cerebellar arteries were examined in 60 postmotal adult brain. Results The cerebellar arteries comprised of the superior cerebellar artery (SCA), the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). There were 136 SCA, 116 AICA and 113 PICA in 60 brains. Fifteen SCA and 3 PICA formed the impression on the root of trigeminal nerve. Three AICA formed the impression on the root of facial nerve. Conclusions The anatomical data of cerebellar arteries are necessary for safe neurosurgical operations in the cases of posterior cranial fossa. The findings observed in this study may help the doctors to explain some symptoms and sign in patients with certain vascular syndromes of the brain stem, with trigeminal neuralgion, with facial spasm, and to treat these patients by corresponding step.