金属磷化物加氢精制催化剂制备及催化性能

Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Metal Phosphide Hydrotreating Catalysts

综述了金属磷化物制备方法及其作为加氢精制催化剂在加氢脱硫、加氢脱氮和加氢脱氧领域的应用研究进展。用氢气还原金属化合物和磷酸盐是一种常用负载型金属磷化物催化剂制备方法,但存在升温速率低、还原温度高等缺点。亚磷酸盐、次磷酸盐和磷化氢还原以及磷酸盐的等离子体还原可以在较低的温度下进行,所制备的金属磷化物粒径小,具有很高的催化活性。金属磷化物在加氢脱硫和加氢脱氮反应中,表现出优异的催化活性和稳定性,尤其是Ni2P,其催化活性高于传统的金属硫化物加氢精制催化剂。此外,双金属和贵金属磷化物催化剂在加氢反应中表现出较高的活性和选择性。近年来,金属磷化物作为加氢脱氧催化剂可用于生物质油提质生产发动机燃料。

The preparation and catalytic activity of metal phosphide as catalysts in hydrodesulfurization（HDS）, hydrodenitrogenation（HDN）, and hydrodeoxygenation（HDO） were reviewed. Reduction of metal compound together with phosphate was a convenient method to prepare metal phosphides, but required high reduction temperatures. Reduction with phosphites, hypophosphites andphosphine, and the plasma reduction of phosphate could be carried out at lower temperatures, which led to smaller metal phosphide particles and more active catalysts. Metal phosphides displayed excellent performance in HDS and HDN, especially Ni2P, which was more active than conventional metal sulfide. Recent studies showed that bimetallic and noble metal phosphides have high activity and selectivity. HDO catalysis over metal phosphides was a growing area of research given the need to develop catalysts for upgrading biomass to transportation fuels. Overall, metal phosphides were promising catalysts for hydrotreating.