7种消毒剂对鲟4种病原菌体外抑菌效果

In vitro Inhibitory Effect of 7 Disinfectants on 4 Sturgeon-pathogenic Bacteria

为了筛选高效的消毒剂用于防治鲟细菌性疾病，采用二倍稀释法测定了7种消毒剂对鲟4种病原菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌质量浓度（MBC）。结果显示，高铁酸钾对鲟4种病原菌抑菌效果最好，MIC为8mg／L，MBC为8—16mg／L，戊二醛、甲醛、苯扎溴铵、过氧化氢及季铵盐络合碘5种消毒剂抑菌效果中等，聚维酮碘对鲟4种病原菌抑菌效果最差，聚维酮碘对鲟4种病原菌的MBC最大值为2048mg／L。根据上述研究结果，选择抑菌效果好的消毒剂高铁酸钾进一步研究了鲟4种病原菌随时间和高铁酸钾浓度变化的生长趋势，显示消毒液浓度为5mg／L、9mg／L的消毒液在短时间能抑制病原菌生长繁殖，病原菌数量同样能在短时间内繁殖恢复到原来的水平，浓度为13mg／L、17mg／L的高铁酸钾消毒液能快速杀灭病原菌，病原菌在较长时间维持在较低水平，甚至病原菌全部被杀死。研究对于使用高铁酸钾防治鲟养殖实践中的疾病具有重要的指导意义。

To evaluate the bacteriostasis of different disinfectants on sturgeon-pathogenic bacteria, 7 kinds of disinfectants were tested by minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC） using double dilution method. The results showed that potassium ferrate had the best inhibitory effect on the 4 bacteria （MIC, 8 rag/L; MBC, 8 - 16 mg/L）, and 5 kinds of disinfectants including glutaraldebyde, formaldehyde, benzalkonium bromide, hydrogen peroxide and quaternary ammonium salt complexing iodine had moderate effects. On the contrary, the povidone iodine was failed to inhibit the growth of sturgeon-pathogenic bacteria. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of different concentrations of potassium ferrate on four sturgeon-pathogenic bacteria were tested. The results showed that the potassium ferrate disinfectant could temporarily inhibit the growth of bacteria at the concentrations of 5 mg/L and 9 mg/L, and the number of bacteria would recover to the original level in a short time; wllen the concentrations of disinfectant were 13 mg/L and 17 mg/L, the growth rate of bacteria would be inhibited for a long time or even all totally killed. This study has an important guiding significance for the usage of potassium ferrate to treat the bacteria-related disease of sturgeon farming.