鄱阳湖非繁殖期陆生鸟类多样性初步研究

Preliminary Investigation on the Terrestrial Bird Diversity in the Banks of Poyang Lake

2012年11月-2013年3月，采用样点法和样线法相结合，对鄱阳湖4个地区岸边鸟类进行调查，共记录陆生鸟类7目29科69种。其中国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类5种：黑翅鸢Elanus caeruleus、白尾鹞Circus cyaneus、赤腹鹰Accipiter soloensis、普通霹Buteo buteo和红隼Falco tinnunculus。居留型方面，留鸟和冬候鸟最多，分别占鸟类物种总数的55．07％和31．89％。鸟类区系方面，古北界种类最多，占44．93％；东洋界鸟类次之，占30．43％。都昌候鸟省级自然保护区的鸟类物种数最多，南矶湿地国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性和均匀度最高，鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区的鸟类多样性和均匀度最低而优势度最高。

From November 2012 to March 2013, the terrestrial bird diversity was investigated using line transects and point counts methods in the banks of four regions of Poyang Lake. A total of 69 species belonging to 29 families, 7 orders were recorded. Of the 69 species, black-shouldered kite （ Elanus caeruleus ）, northern harrier （ Circus cyaneus）, Chinese goshawk （Accipiter soloeusis）, common buzzard （Buteo buteo） and lesser kestrel （Falco tinnunculus） are listed in the second category of the nationally protected wildlife species. Residents and winter migrants are the most abundant species, which account for 55.07% and 31.89% of total species, respectively. In term of avifauna, Palaearctic realm species, accounting for 44.93% , are the most common species, followed by Oriental realm species （30. 43% ）. The number of species in Duchang Migratory-bird Nature Reserve is the highest among the 4 regions, and the diversity and evenness indices in Nanjishan Wetland National Nature Reserve are the highest. Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve has the lowest diversity and evenness indices but the highest dominant coefficient value.