河北省2006～2012年儿童伤害病例分布特征分析

Analysis of child injury cases in Hebei Province from 2006 to 2012

目的分析河北省儿童伤害状况和危害程度,为控制儿童伤害的发生,制定儿童伤害干预措施提供科学依据。方法资料来源于2006年1月1日至2012年12月31日首次就诊于河北省6家伤害监测哨点医院急诊室的儿童伤害患者。结果 2006～2012年,河北省伤害监测系统共收集16 129例儿童伤害病例,占监测总数的11.46%,男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.35:1,男、女性别伤害原因构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=363.64,P<0.01)。前五位伤害发生的原因依次是跌倒/坠落(43.54%)、机动车车祸(16.40%)、钝器伤(15.52%)、非机动车车祸(6.20%)和刀/锐器伤(5.91%)。伤害经常发生的地点为公路/街道(31.95%)、家中(31.04%)、学校与公共场所(16.52%)、贸易和服务场所(8.46%)、公共居住场所(7.33%)。伤害部位主要为头部(37.77%)、上肢(23.60%)、下肢(20.14%)、多部位(6.63%)、躯干(5.77%)。以非故意伤害(90.18%)、轻度伤害(73.55%)、接受治疗后回家(70.80%)为主。不同年龄儿童伤害发生原因、地点、部位等差异较大。结论河北省伤害监测系统收集的儿童伤害病例的伤害原因、地点等特征与儿童年龄密切相关,应根据年龄不同有针对性的开展伤害预防控制工作。

Abstract：Objective To understand and analyse the current situation of child injury in Hebei province. Methods Data derived from six injury surveillance sentinel hospitals in Hebei Province were collected and the child injury cases data from January 1,2006 to December 31,2012 were analyzed. Results From 2006 to 2012,16129 child injury cases accounting for 11.46% of the total number of injury cases monitored by injury monitoring system in Hebei province. The ratio of male to female was 2.35：1, showing significant differences between male and female injured （X2=-363.64,P〈0.01）. Top five causes of injury were fall/faU （43.54%）, motor vehicle traffic accident （16.40%）, blunt injury （15.52%）, non-motor vehicle traffic accident （6.20%） and knife/sharp device injury （5.91%）. The places of injury were mainly roads/streets （31.95%）,family （31.04%）,schools and pubhc places （16.52%）,trade and service sites （8.46%）,public residence （7.33%）. injured parts weremainly head （37.77%）,upper limbs （23.60%）,lower limbs （20.14%）,multiple parts （6.63%） and trunk （5.77%）. Most of the cases were not intentionally injury （90.18%）,mild injury （73.55%）. Conclusions The causes of injury,location,etc were closely related to the children＇s age, thus preventive activities be carried out taking into account the age of the children.