河北省2010～2012年婴幼儿轮状病毒流行特征分析

Epidemiological features of viral diarrhea among infants and young children in Hebei from 2010 to 2012

目的了解河北省病毒性腹泻监测哨点医院5岁以下所有腹泻住院患儿轮状病毒的流行特征,为轮状病毒感染性腹泻的防治提供科学依据。方法收集哨点医院2010～2012年5岁以下所有腹泻住院患儿发病3日内粪便标本。使用ELISA法检测A组人类轮状病毒抗原,采用巢式逆转录-聚合酶链反应对轮状病毒抗原阳性标本进行分型鉴定。结果 1 155份粪便标本中514份标本检测出轮状病毒抗原,阳性率为44.50%,12～17月龄段患儿轮状病毒抗原阳性率最高,达到58.54%。轮状病毒感染有明显的季节性,主要集中在11月到次年的2月,其中11～12月份阳性率最高,达到63.15%。血清型G型中主要流行血清型为G9型,占42.22%;P型中P[8]型最多,占66.34%,G/P组合型主要型别为G9P[8(]占35.21%)。结论轮状病毒是河北省5岁以下腹泻住院患儿感染的主要病原体,以G9P[8]为主要优势株。

Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of rotavirus （RV） diarrhea cases under 5 years in Hebei province from 2010 to 2012. Methods The incidence of rotavirus diarrhea from the surveillance systems of infectious diarrhea cases under 5 years from 2010 to 2012 was analyzed. Rotavirus were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, and stereotyping and genotyping were performed by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results A total of 1 155 stool specimens were examned,RV was positive in 514 specimens accounted for 44.50%.The positive rate of RV was highest in the children aged 12- 17 months accounted for 58.54%.Rotavirus infection mainly occurred from November to February next year,and the peak was between November and December accupied 63.15% （P〈0.01）. In the aspect of serum G typing,G9 type was the most,which accounted for 42.22% ,and G9 type had the tendency of main prevalence serum type in the locality; In P typing,P [8] type was predominant accounted for 66.34% ,and among GfP combination type G9P [8] was predominant accounted for 35.21%. Conclusions Rotavirus is the major pathogen in hospitalization patients with diarrhea under 5 years in Hebei province, and G9P[8] is dominant combination.