低频电刺激面肌预防面神经损伤致肌萎缩的实验研究

Experimental research of low frequency electric stimulation on facial nerves to prevent disuse myatrophy

目的 探讨电刺激面肌有无预防废用性肌萎缩的作用。方法 制作实验性面神经麻痹模型 ,电刺激眼轮匝肌 (简称眼肌 ) 3周后 ,测试眼肌肌纤维径、神经纤维径、再生神经纤维数 ,扫描电镜观察眼肌次级突触间隙面积。结果 电剌激和非电刺激侧眼肌细胞横断面积分别为 (4 6 6 .7±2 8.2 ) μm2 和 (4 78.2± 13 .6 ) μm2 ,差异无显著性。眼肌支配神经纤维数 ,电刺激侧平均 (10 6 .2± 8.1)根 ,非剌激侧平均 (187.6± 1.2 )根 ,显著小于非刺激侧 (t=2 .2 36 ,P <0 .0 5 )。电刺激侧神经纤维横断面积平均 (5 .32± 0 .30 ) μm2 ,非刺激侧平均 (9.6 6± 0 .90 ) μm2 ,非常显著小于非刺激侧 (t=2 .96 9,P <0 .0 1)。电刺激侧眼肌次级突触间隙面积比非刺激侧明显减小。结论 电刺激面肌无预防肌萎缩作用 ,反而抑制了面神经纤维再生。

Objective To study whether the low frequency electric stimulation on facial muscles has the effect of preventing disuse myatrophy.Methods The model of experimental facial paralysis was carried out in 36 guinea-pigs.The musculus orbicularis oculi(m.oculi) of experimental group(n=31) was respectively stimulated by low frequency impulsed current for 3 weeks.The diameter of m.oculi fibres and nerve fibres as well as number of regenerative facial nerves were detected.While the area of secondary synaptic space of m.oculi was observed via electron microscope scanning.Results There was no significant difference between the cross section of m.oculi fibres in stimulated side and non-stimulated side.The number of nerve fibres that innervating m.oculi of stimulated side was obviously greater than that of non-stimulated side(t=2.236,P<0.05),similiarly,the cross section of nerve fibres in both sides had difference remarkably(t=2.969,P<0.01).But the area of secondary space of stimulated side was significantly smaller than that of non-stimulated side.Conclusion It is shown that low frequency impulsed current stimulation on facial muscles has no effects in preventing myatrophy.Contrarily,it will inhibit the regeneration of facial nerve fibres.