中国农业生产结构调整的制约因素及实现途径

Structure adjustment of agricultural production:Some theoretical approaches

对中国农业生产面临的国际、国内形势分析后认为 ,当前中国农业生产结构调整面临双重任务 :保证粮食供应能力不下降 ;提高农民收入。对照此任务 ,中国农业生产结构调整面临着多方面的制约 :①人地关系紧张 ,农业生产结构调整不可能占用大量耕地 ;②农业生产科技含量低 ,产品附加值低 ,缺乏竞争力和抵御风险的能力 ;③国内市场经济体系的建立和对国际市场的放开 ,导致市场竞争加剧 ,农业生产结构调整的风险加大 ;④在可持续发展战略下 ,农业生产结构调整必须以生态环境保护为前提。据此分析 ,提出了中国农业生产结构调整的整体思路。

According to the examination of agricultural production problems in China,it is believed that agricultural structure adjustment is facing some restrictive factors as follows:①relationship between land and human is intensive and less arable land can be shifted into non?farm use during the agricultural structure adjustment;②contribution of sciences and technology to agricultural production is quite limited,which leads to less value of products and increasing risk of agricultural production;③with the market economy system reforming and joining WTO,agricultural structure adjustment will meet more risks;④environmental protection has become increasing consideration in agricultural structure adjustment to meet the demand of sustainable development strategy.Based on the analysis above,some suggestions for agricultural structure adjustment have been given.