沿海木麻黄基干林带更新方式和更新效果研究

A Study on the Pattern and Effect of Regeneration of the Coast Trunk Shelterbelt of Casuarina equisetifolia

对海岸带木麻黄基干林带采用间隔带状采伐和不同采伐宽度更新、不同郁闭度林下套种和林带最前沿保留 30～ 5 0m宽不渐伐前提下对林带渐伐处理郁闭度降至 0 .2～ 0 .3后套种造林更新。研究结果表明 :(1)采用间隔带状采伐方式对木麻黄基干林带更新并选择木麻黄优良无性系、湿地松、刚果 12号桉等树种造林保存率高、生长量大、三年郁闭成林 ,生长量均达到速生丰产标准 ,更新起来新林带内风速小 ,防护效能显著。10m、2 0m、30m三种采代带宽度更新木麻黄幼林生长差别不明显 ,防护效能以 10m、2 0m采伐带宽度为佳。(2 )林下套种树种生长状况与老林带郁闭度关系密切。木麻黄、湿地松在林带郁闭度 0 .3以下套种生长较为正常 ,乌墨在林下套种生长不良 ,木麻黄无性系粤 70 1、粤 6 0 1、粤 5 0 1、东 1及东 2在林带郁闭度 0 .2 5以下造林保存率高、生长较快 ,在林下表现出较强生态适应性 ;(3)基干林带渐伐处理后套种木麻黄优良无性系、湿地松、刚果 12号桉、厚荚相思、马占相思、直干大叶相思、纹荚相思等树种造林保存率高、早期生长快、表现出较强生态适应性 ,生长量以木麻黄优良无性系、刚果 12号桉、厚荚相思表现突出。

Regeneration of the coast trunk shelterbelt of Casuarina equisetifolia was carried out by means of spaced belt cutting in different width, interplanting in different canopy density and keeping the forward shelterbelt in width of 30～50 metres. The canopy density was reduced to 0.2～0.3. The results indicated, (1)Adoption of spaced belt cutting and selection of the planting species, fine clones of Casuarina equisetifolia, Slash pine, Eccalyaptus 12ABI were of high preservative rate, big growth. The young trees grew up into forest only in three years and reached the growth standard of fast-growing and high-yield. The wind speed was small and the fence efficiency was significant in the regenerated belt. There was no significant difference among 10metres, 20metres, 30metres of cutting width in the regenerated cultures and the fence efficiency of 10metres, 20metres was better. (2)There was close relation between the growth of the interplanted species and the canopy density of the old shelterbelt. When the canopy density belows 0.3, The growth of the interplanted Casuarina equisetifolia, Slash pine was normal. The growth of Syzygiumcumini was not good. When it was below 0.25, the clones Yue701,601,501,and Dong1,2 of Casuarina equisetifolia, Slash pine, Eccalyaptus 12ABL, Acacia crasscarpa, A. Mangium willd, A. auriculiformis, A. aulacocurpa, showed high preservative rate, quick growth in their early growth stage, and strong zoology adaptability. The growth of Casuarina equisetifolia clones, Eccalyaptus 12ABL, Acacia crasscarpa were better.