饲喂复合化学处理稻草和甲醛处理精料对生长奶牛的影响

Effects of Feeding Straw Treated with Complex Chemicals and Concentrate Treated with Formaldehyde on Growing Dairy Cows

初始体重为 2 0 0kg的黑白花奶牛育成牛分别采食东北羊草 +青贮 +混合精料(A组 ) ,未处理稻草颗粒 +青贮 +混合精料 (B组 ) ,处理稻草颗粒 +青贮 +混合料 (C组 ) ,处理稻草颗粒 +混合料和处理稻草颗粒 +甲醛处理混合精料 (E组 ) 5组日粮 ,每组1 0头牛 ,试验期 6 1d ,混合精料和甲醛处理混合精料定量供给 ,每天每头 1 .74kgDM ,玉米青贮也定量供给 ,每天每头 0 .98kgDM ,其余粗饲料自由采食 ,东北羊草 ,未处理稻草颗粒 ,以及C组 ,D组和E组的处理稻草颗粒的采食量分别为 2 .81 ,3 .84,4.1 4,5.1 5和4.98kgDM/(头·d) ,A ,B ,C ,D和E组育成牛平均日增重分别为 797,82 9,90 5,898和91 5g/(头·d) ,其中C ,D和E组的日增重无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5) ,但显著高于A和B组 ;饲料 (kgDM) /增重 (kg)比在各组之间无显著差异 ,用复合化学处理稻草颗粒可完全代替育成牛日粮中的东北羊草和青贮 ,且完全可以保证育成牛的生长发育。但精饲料中的豆饼和玉米经甲醛处理对生长牛的生产性能没有明显影响。

s: Rearing dairy cattle of Black and White with 200kg initial body weight were fed on five group diets respectively, such as northeastern Chinese wildrye + silage + complex concentrate (group A), pelleted straw + silage + complex concentrate (group B), treated straw + silage + complex concentrate (group C), treated straw + complex concentrate (group D) and treated straw + complex concentrate treated with formaldehyde (group E). Each group involved 10 cows, and lasted for 61 days. Everyday, complex concentrate and treated concentrate were supplied at fixed weight (4.98kg per head per day), corn silage supplied also at fixed weight (0.98 per head per day), other forage was cafeteria fed. Feed intake of the Cattle of group A, B, C, D and E was 2.81, 3.84, 4.14, 5.15 and 4.98 per head per day, average daily gain was 797, 829, 905, 989 and 915g per head per day respectively. There was not significant difference between group C, D and E, but their daily gains were remarkable higher than that of group A and B. The difference of feed conversion rate was not remarkable among five group cattle. The results showed that, complex treated straw could substitute for northeastern Chinese wildrye and silage completely in rearing cattle diet, but soybean meal and corn treated with formaldehyde in concentrate has no effects on performance of growing dairy cattle.