惠州市公安民警工作压力与心理健康状况研究

Study on the job stress and psychological health of policemen in Huizhou City

目的了解惠州市公安民警工作压力与心理健康状况,以便科学地、有针对性地开展心理危机的预防与干预,提高公安民警心理健康水平。方法从惠州市一区一县的公安分局、派出所抽取520名民警进行问卷调查。调查内容包括一般情况、工作压力问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)。结果 520例公安民警中男316例,女204例,平均年龄(33.74±11.51)岁,平均警龄(15.02±4.19)年。520例公安民警工作压力问卷得分均较高,女公安民警工作压力、家庭压力、社会压力和个人压力均低于男公安民警,差异均有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。公安民警躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病性9个因子得分明显高于中国正常人常模,差异均有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论惠州市公安民警的工作压力较大,应制订出合理的方案,以减轻公安民警工作压力,提高公安民警心理健康水平和应对各种危机的能力。

Objective To understand the job stress and psychological health of policemen in Huizhou City, in order to scientifically targeted to carry out psychological crisis prevention and intervention, for improving the level of psychological health of policemen. Methods 520 policemen were selected from local police station and public security bureau of Huizhou City, who were given investigation included items of general things, job pressure questionnaire, symptom checklist （SCL-90）. Results 316 cases were male police officers, 204 cases were female police officers, mean age was （33.74±11.51） years, the average police duration was （15.02±4.!9） years. The scores of job pressure questionnaire were higher in 520 cases. The work stress, family stress, social pressures and personal pressures scores of female police officers were lower than of male police officers, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. The somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, fear, paranoia, psychosis nine factor scores of police officers were significantly higher than those of the normal Chinese norm, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The policemen in Huizhou City are under high job pressure, so a reasonable plan should be developed to reduce their job pressure, improve the level of psychological health of policemen and ability to respond to the crises.